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Oral cancer, a form of head-and-neck cancer, remains a serious and growing health issue in India. Recent data reveals about 77,000 new cases and over 52,000 deaths linked to the disease this year alone.
The condition primarily affects men over the age of 40, though women are not immune. Early detection is often challenging, which contributes to its high mortality rate.
Tobacco use—whether smoked or chewed—stands as the leading cause. This includes cigarettes, bidis, and smokeless products like gutka and khaini, all of which are widely used in India.
Alcohol consumption significantly increases risk, especially when combined with tobacco. The combination has a multiplying effect, greatly heightening the chances of developing cancer.
Betel-nut products, commonly chewed in many regions, are another major factor. They contain arecoline, a substance known to damage oral tissues and promote cancerous changes.
Prolonged sun exposure to the lips, often affecting outdoor workers, can also contribute to oral cancers, particularly of the lower lip.
Common symptoms include persistent mouth sores, difficulty swallowing, unexplained bleeding, and lumps in the mouth or neck. Unfortunately, these signs are often ignored until the disease reaches an advanced stage.
Health experts stress the importance of regular dental checkups, quitting tobacco and alcohol, and seeking prompt medical advice for any unusual oral changes. Public awareness and prevention remain key to reducing the burden of this deadly yet largely preventable disease.
